Tumor Size Increase Following Preoperative Radiation of Soft Tissue Sarcomas Does Not Affect Prognosis.
Tumor size increase following preoperative radiation of soft tissue sarcomas does not affect prognosis.
Filed under: Rehab Centers
J Surg Oncol. 2013 Feb 11;
Delisca GO, Alamanda VK, Archer KR, Song Y, Schwartz HS, Holt GE
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Administration of preoperative radiotherapy for extremity soft tissue sarcoma improves local control, while allowing for a more conservative surgical resection. During radiation treatment tumor size typically decreases or remains constant. In a subset of patients, however, a size increase in the tumor occurs. Our goal was to investigate the prognosis of patients who had a size increase of at least 20% over the course of preoperative radiotherapy versus those who did not. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated 70 patients treated for localized primary STS of the extremities between January 2000 and December 2008. Kaplan-Meier curves for disease-specific and metastasis-free survival were calculated for both groups. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients had stable or decrease local tumor size following preoperative radiotherapy and nine patients had an increase of at least 20% in tumor size. There were no statistically significant differences found in disease-specific survival and metastasis-free survival (Gray’s test, P?=?0.93 and P?=?0.68, respectively) among the two groups. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that a 20% increase in tumor size following preoperative radiotherapy did not result in a worse outcome for patients when compared to those who had stable or decrease local tumor size following preoperative radiotherapy. J. Surg. Oncol © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapies for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review of Methods to Improve Treatment Engagement and Self-Efficacy.
Filed under: Rehab Centers
Neuropsychol Rev. 2013 Feb 12;
Choi J, Twamley EW
Cognitive rehabilitation therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are becoming more readily available to the geriatric population in an attempt to curb the insidious decline in cognitive and functional performance. However, people with AD may have difficulty adhering to these cognitive treatments due to denial of memory deficits, compromised brain systems, cognitive incapacity for self-awareness, general difficulty following through on daily tasks, lack of motivation, hopelessness, and apathy, all of which may be either due to the illness or be secondary to depression. Cognitive rehabilitation training exercises are also labor intensive and, unfortunately, serve as a repeated reminder about the memory impairments and attendant functional consequences. In order for cognitive rehabilitation methods to be effective, patients must be adequately engaged and motivated to not only begin a rehabilitation program but also to remain involved in the intervention until a therapeutic dosage can be attained. We review approaches to cognitive rehabilitation in AD, neuropsychological as well as psychological obstacles to effective treatment in this population, and methods that target adherence to treatment and may therefore be applicable to cognitive rehabilitation therapies for AD. The goal is to stimulate discussion among researchers and clinicians alike on how treatment effects may be mediated by engagement in treatment, and what can be done to enhance patient adherence for cognitive rehabilitation therapies in order to obtain greater cognitive and functional benefits from the treatment itself.
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Evaluation of the Psychoeducation Given to the Elderly at Nursing Homes for a Healthy Lifestyle and Developing Life Satisfaction.
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Community Ment Health J. 2013 Feb 12;
Tamba? H, Oz F
The research was carried out as a pre-test, post-test patterned intervention with one group in order to evaluate the psychoeducation given to older people at nursing homes for a healthy lifestyle and developing life satisfaction. The research was done with 21 female and 21 male older people staying at the state-owned Seyran Ba?lari Nursing Home/Elderly Caring Rehabilitation Center and the Ümitköy Nursing Home. In the psychoeducation program, each session was conducted for a duration of 60-90 min in the nursing homes’ education classrooms. After the psychoeducation program, the life satisfaction index, the health promotion lifestyle profile total, and the subscale (nutrition, health responsibility, self realization, stress management, interpersonal support, and exercise) mean scores, significantly increased statistically. It is suggested that the nursing homes’ health workers, and especially nurses who work full-time, should promote such psychoeducation.
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[Prefrontal symptoms and personality disorders in substance abusers].
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Rev Neurol. 2013 Feb 16; 56(4): 205-13
Pedrero-Perez EJ, Ruiz-Sanchez de Leon JM, Lozoya-Delgado P, Rojo-Mota G, Llanero-Luque M, Puerta-Garcia C
INTRODUCTION. Neuroimaging findings associate personality traits and their disorders with an altered functioning of certain areas of the brain, especially in the frontal lobe. There is a need for instruments that can be applied in clinical practice to explore these relations based on their behavioural manifestations. PATIENTS AND METHODS. The sample was composed of 371 subjects with substance abuse/dependence. The Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI) and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II (MCMI-II) were administered and diagnostic interviews were carried out to determine the existence of disorders affecting axis II (personality disorders). RESULTS. Criteria satisfying a diagnosis of some personality disorder were present in 43.9% of the sample. The results show a broad correlational pattern between the prefrontal symptoms scales and those of personality disorders. The variance in up to eight of the 13 scales of the MCMI-II is predicted in over 20%, based on the combination of scales from the PSI. The personality disorders diagnosed by means of a clinical interview present differential prefrontal symptomatological profiles that were consistent with what was expected. CONCLUSIONS. The results support the hypothesis of a relationship between the diagnosis of personality disorders and frontal malfunctioning, thus suggesting new lines for studying and approaching them in clinical practice. Such new paths could involve the use of cognitive rehabilitation to improve day-to-day functioning and modify the neurological substrates underlying personality disorders.
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