Self-Reported Peer Victimization and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients: The Mediating Role of Negative Self-Esteem.
Self-reported peer victimization and suicidal ideation in adolescent psychiatric inpatients: The mediating role of negative self-esteem.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2013 Jul 4;
Jones HA, Bilge-Johnson S, Rabinovitch AE, Fishel H
The current study investigated relationships among self-reported peer victimization, suicidality, and depression in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Sixty-seven adolescent psychiatric inpatients at a Midwestern children’s hospital completed measures of bullying and peer victimization, suicidal ideation, and depression during their inpatient stay. Analyses indicated significant moderate correlations among victimization, suicidal ideation, and depression in adolescents. Results from mediational analyses found that negative self-esteem mediated the relationship between peer victimization and suicidal ideation. To date, this study is the first to directly examine the mechanisms underlying the relationship between peer victimization and suicidal ideation in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. HubMed – depression
[Factors associated with quality of life in patients in renal replacement therapy in Brazil].
Cien Saude Colet. 2013 Jul; 18(7): 1903-10
Alvares J, Almeida AM, Szuster DA, Gomes IC, Andrade EI, Acurcio Fde A, Cherchiglia ML
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a serious public health problem. The study of the impact of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in quality of life (QoL) has become increasingly important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the QoL of patients on RRT and associated factors. 3036 patients on RRT in Brazil were interviewed in relation to socioeconomic, demographic, clinical and QoL aspects. Patients were randomly selected after a cluster sampling process on two levels: health services and patients. QoL was measured by Eq5D. The instrument allows the indirect measurement of QoL and utility calculation, in addition to the direct measurement of QoL by a visual analog scale (VAS). It was observed that transplant patients have better QoL and that the most prejudicial aspects are pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. The main factors associated with QOL are age, female gender, variables associated with the clinical condition of the patient such as the need for hospitalization and the presence of comorbidities, social class and variables associated with the health service use. The correlation between VAS and utility calculated was moderate and the 5 Eq5D questions explain 43% of the variability of VAS. The calculated utility can be used in cost-utility analysis. HubMed – depression
Race, Genetic Ancestry and Response to Antidepressant Treatment for Major Depression.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013 Jul 5;
Murphy E, Hou L, Maher BS, Woldehawariat G, Kassem L, Akula N, Laje G, McMahon FJ
The Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) Study revealed poorer antidepressant treatment response among black participants compared to whites. This racial disparity persisted even after socio-economic and baseline clinical factors were taken into account. Some studies have suggested genetic contributions to this disparity, but none have attempted to disentangle race and genetic ancestry. Here we used genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data to examine independent contributions of race and genetic ancestry to citalopram response. Secondary data analyses included 1877 STAR*D participants who completed an average of 10 weeks of citalopram treatment and provided DNA samples. Participants reported their race as white (n=1464), black (n=299) or other/mixed (n=114). Genetic ancestry was estimated by multidimensional scaling (MDS) analyses of about 500?000 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Ancestry proportions were estimated by STRUCTURE. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of observed and latent predictors of response, defined as change in the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) score from baseline to exit. Socio-economic and baseline clinical factors, race and anxiety significantly predicted response, as previously reported. However, direct effects of race disappeared in all models that included genetic ancestry. Genetic African ancestry predicted lower treatment response in all models, but was not significantly mediated by anxiety. While socio-economic and baseline clinical factors drive racial differences in antidepressant response, genetic ancestry, rather than self-reported race, explains much of the residual differences. Larger samples would be needed to identify the specific genetic mechanisms that may be involved, but these findings underscore the importance of including more African-American patients in drug trials.Neuropsychopharmacology accepted article preview online, 5 July 2013. doi:10.1038/npp.2013.166. HubMed – depression