Influence of Negative Pre-Match Mental States on Coping With Psychological Burden During Football Match.

Influence of negative pre-match mental States on coping with psychological burden during football match.

Br J Sports Med. 2013 Jul; 47(10): e3
Zeman T, Voborny J, Králík M, Blahutková M

For football referees supervision of a match means significant mental burden. Referees experience higher level of anxiety and fear(1) which are typical manifestations of negative pre-match states.(2) As a result of a completed match levels of components of depression and exhaustion increase.(1) Our goal was to verify the correlation between these two components.Our research sample consisted of 26 male football referees who supervise football competitions in one of the 14 regions of the Czech Republic. For evaluation of their subjective psychological experiences and states the standardised questionnaire SUPSO(3) was used. The questionnaire was filled in twice: before the match and immediately after the match. Ratio of predominant temperament components was evaluated using standardised Belov’s temperament test.(4) In the statistical analysis Spearman’s coefficient of rank correlation and partial correlation coefficient were used.Pre-match values of anxiety and fear component statistically significantly correlate with the values of component of depression and exhaustion. This serial dependence remained stastically significant even after exclusion of implications of referees’ temperament.Negative pre-match mental states of football referees worsen their ability to cope with the supervised match on a psychological level. “Pre-match fever” can lead to premature exhaustion, while apathy can lead to insufficient activation. Regulation of these negative pre-match states can improve coping with mental burden during a football match. Pre-match preparation should therefore focus more on regulating the referees’ actual mental state (“pre-start mental state”). HubMed – depression

Republished research: Facilitated physical activity as a treatment for depressed adults: randomised controlled trial.

Br J Sports Med. 2013 Jul; 47(10): 629
Chalder M, Wiles NJ, Campbell J, Hollinghurst SP, Haase AM, Taylor AH, Fox KR, Costelloe C, Searle A, Baxter H, Winder R, Wright C, Turner KM, Calnan M, Lawlor DA, Peters TJ, Sharp DJ, Montgomery AA, Lewis G

Does facilitated physical activity provide an effective treatment for adults with depression presenting in primary care? SUMMARY ANSWER: Although trial participants receiving the physical activity intervention in addition to usual care reported increased physical activity compared with those receiving usual care alone, there was no evidence to suggest that the intervention brought about any improvement in depressive symptoms or reduction in antidepressant use. WHAT IS KNOWN AND WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Numerous studies have reported the positive effects of physical activity, but most of the current evidence originates from small non-clinical samples using interventions that are not practicable in a healthcare setting. Our results indicate that offering patients a facilitated physical activity intervention is not an effective strategy for reducing symptoms of depression, although it increased self reported physical activity and sustained this effect over 12 months. HubMed – depression

Hypercapnia counteracts captopril-induced depression of gastric mucosal oxygenation.

J Endocrinol. 2013 Jun 11;
Vollmer C, Schwartges I, Behmke R, Bauer I, Picker O

Hypercapnia increases systemic oxygen delivery (DO2) and gastric mucosal oxygenation. However, it activates the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) which conversely reduces mesenteric perfusion. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of RAAS-inhibition during normo- and hypercapnia on oral and gastric mucosal oxygenation (µHbO2) and assess the effect of blood pressure under these circumstances. Five dogs were repeatedly anesthetized to study the effects of ACE-inhibition (5mg/kg captopril, followed by 0.25mg/kg/h) on µHbO2 (reflectance spectrophotometry) and hemodynamic variables during normocapnia (endtidal CO2=35mmHg) and hypercapnia (etCO2=70mmHg). In a control group, the animals were subjected to hypercapnia alone. To exclude effects of reduced blood pressure, in one group blood pressure was maintained at baseline values via titrated phenylephrine infusion during hypercapnia and additional captopril infusion. ACE-inhibition strongly reduced gastric µHbO2 from 72±2 to 65±2% and mean arterial pressure (MAP) from 64±2 to 48±4mmHg while DO2 remained unchanged. This effect was counteracted in the presence of hypercapnia which increased gastric µHbO2 from 73±3 to 79±6% and DO2 from 15±2 to 22±4ml/kg/min during ACE-inhibition without differences to hypercapnia alone. However, MAP decreased similarly to ACE-inhibition alone from 66±3 to 47±5mmHg while left ventricular contractility (dPmax) increased from 492±63 to 758±119mmHg/s. Titrated infusion of phenylephrine had no additional effect on µHbO2. In summary, our data suggest that RAAS-inhibition reduces gastric mucosal oxygenation in healthy dogs. Hypercapnia not only abolishes this effect but also increases µHbO2, DO2 and dPmax. Increase of µHbO2 during ACE-inhibition under hypercapnia is according to our results independent of blood pressure. HubMed – depression