Depression Treatment: Knowledge and Views About Maternal Tobacco Smoking and Barriers for Cessation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Ethnography.
Knowledge and Views about Maternal Tobacco Smoking and Barriers for Cessation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders: A Systematic Review and Meta-ethnography.
Filed under: Depression Treatment
Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Oct 4;
Gould GS, Munn J, Watters T, McEwen A, Clough AR
IntroductionMaternal smoking rates in Australian Aboriginal women are triple that of the general population, with little evidence for successful interventions. We reviewed the literature to understand smoking and cessation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and provide recommendations for targeted interventions.MethodsSix databases were searched using terms related to smoking, pregnancy, and Aboriginal Australians. Two reviewers independently assessed papers for inclusion and quality. Meta-ethnography synthesized first- and second-order constructs from included studies and constructed a line of argument.ResultsSeven relevant studies were analyzed. The synthesis illustrates 11 third-order constructs operating on the levels of self, family, and social networks, the wider Aboriginal community, and broader external influences. Highlighted are social norms and stressors within the Aboriginal community perpetuating tobacco use; insufficient knowledge of smoking harms; inadequate saliency of antismoking messages; and lack of awareness and use of pharmacotherapy. Indigenous Health Workers have a challenging role, not yet fulfilling its potential. Pregnancy is an opportunity to encourage positive change where a sense of a “protector role” is expressed.ConclusionsThis review gives strength to evidence from individual studies across diverse Indigenous cultures. Pregnant Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander smokers require comprehensive approaches, which consider the environmental context, increase knowledge of smoking harms and cessation methods, and provide culturally targeted support. Long term, broad strategies should de-normalize smoking in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. Further research needs to examine causes of resistance to antitobacco messages, clarify contributing roles of stress and depression, and attitudes to pharmacotherapy.
HubMed – depression
The science of resilience: implications for the prevention and treatment of depression.
Filed under: Depression Treatment
Science. 2012 Oct 5; 338(6103): 79-82
Southwick SM, Charney DS
Human responses to stress and trauma vary widely. Some people develop trauma-related psychological disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression; others develop mild to moderate psychological symptoms that resolve rapidly; still others report no new psychological symptoms in response to traumatic stress. Individual variability in how animals and humans respond to stress and trauma depends on numerous genetic, developmental, cognitive, psychological, and neurobiological risk and protective factors.
HubMed – depression
Are we getting closer to valid translational models for major depression?
Filed under: Depression Treatment
Science. 2012 Oct 5; 338(6103): 75-9
Berton O, Hahn CG, Thase ME
Advances in characterizing the neuropathology and functional dysconnectivity of depression and promising trials with emerging circuit-targeted and fast-onset therapeutics are providing unprecedented opportunities to gain deeper insight into the neurobiology of this devastating and pervasive disorder. Because of practical and ethical limitations to dissecting these mechanisms in humans, continued progress will critically depend on our ability to emulate aspects of depressive symptomatology and treatment response in nonhuman organisms. Although various experimental models are currently available, they often draw skepticism from both clinicians and basic research scientists. We review recent progress and highlight some of the best leads to diversify and improve discovery end points for preclinical depression research.
HubMed – depression
Awareness on depression
Filed under: Depression Treatment
“Although there are known effective treatments for depression, access to treatment is a problem in most countries and in some countries fewer than 10 per cent of those who need it receive such treatment. One in every four females and six males suffer …
Read more on Oman Daily Observer
Lisa Keating: Depression in America
Filed under: Depression Treatment
The debate now is how best to treat depression. A concerning trend, according to the American Psychological Association, is that the number of people taking antidepressant medication increases each year, while the number of people seeking psychotherapy …
Read more on Nevada Appeal
Dynamic Psychotherapy Reduces Depression in Community Sample
Filed under: Depression Treatment
Among the issues treated at community facilities is major depressive disorder (MDD), a condition that will affect nearly one in five people at some point in their lives. Numerous types of therapeutic approaches have been shown to be effective for the …
Read more on GoodTherapy.org (blog)
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