Eating Disorders: Diet and the Risk of Unipolar Depression in Adults: Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

Diet and the risk of unipolar depression in adults: systematic review of cohort studies.

Filed under: Eating Disorders

J Hum Nutr Diet. 2012 Oct 18;
Sanhueza C, Ryan L, Foxcroft DR

BACKGROUND: Nutrition may be a risk factor for unipolar depression. We aimed to review the association between dietary variables and the risk of depression. METHODS: Fifteen databases were searched up to May 2010. Only longitudinal studies for which outcomes were unipolar depression and/or depressive symptoms in adults were eligible for inclusion. Eleven studies were included and critically evaluated. Participants were in the age range 18-97 years and the study sample size was in the range 526-27 111. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 13 years. The diversity of dietary variables and nonlinear associations precluded formal meta-analysis and so a narrative analysis was undertaken. RESULTS: Variables inversely associated with depression risk were the consumption of nutrients such as folate, omega-3 fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids; foods such as olive oil and fish; and a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes. Some of these associations varied by sex and some showed a nonlinear association. CONCLUSIONS: At the study level, weaknesses in the assessment of exposure and outcome may have introduced bias. Most studies investigated a cohort subgroup that may have resulted in selection bias. At the review level, there is a risk of publication bias and, in addition, narrative analyses are more prone to subjectivities than meta-analyses. Diet may potentially influence the risk of depression, although the evidence is not yet conclusive. Strengthening healthy-eating patterns at the public health level may have a potential benefit. Robust prospective cohort studies specially designed to study the association between diet and depression risk are needed.
HubMed – eating

[Study of the nutritional status and eating habits on a group of patients in primary health care].

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2012 Jan-Mar; 116(1): 280-5
Martinescu G, Gav?t V

Evaluation of medical and biological status of the study group; analyzing the nutritional status and the way of eating by food investigation; and evaluation of the knowledge about eating behavior and the role of physical activity in health.The study was conducted from 2010-2011 on a sample of 375 patients aged 18-74, patients within a family medicine cabinet in our town. The questionnaire included demographic data (age, education, social, financial situation, the belonging religious) and questions about nutrition on food groups and questions about rational knowledge about nutrition, eating behavior and the role of physical activity.In the study group by gender distribution was 225 women (60%) and 150 men (40%) with a ratio F/M = 1.5/1 Evaluation of the nutritional status and somatometric exam revealed the following issues: 105 cases (28%) with, 103 cases (27.46%), 52 cases (13.86%) 72 (19.2%) and 43 cases (11.46%). Most patients were overweight normo and 27.46% respectively 28% and is followed by those with grade II obesity (19.2%), obesity grade I (13.86%) and final grade III obesity (11.46%).The food investigation on food groups showed no significant differences between the two years of study configuring same eating behavior.Metabolic and nutritional diseases became increasingly aggressive in recent decades and obesity is a widespread disease in the population with a multifactorial etiology and with a chronic evolution. The family doctor been in the forefront of the health system can contribute to increasing the quality of life that heis monitoring the implementation of educational programs related to food and eating behavior.
HubMed – eating

Overweight and gastrointestinal symptoms among adults of working age in Iasi City, Romania.

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2012 Jan-Mar; 116(1): 268-73
Chirila I, Drug VL, Petrariu FD, Gavat V

The objectives were to determine the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms and overweight in a sample of working age adults, from Iasi city (North-East Romania) and relationship with eating habits.For this survey a sample was randomly chosen from family doctors records and 158 adults participated (65 males and 93 females, aged 19-64 years). Eating habits and food-frequency questionnaires were conducted, and Body Mass Index (BMI), waist and Body Fat Percent (FAT) were measured. For recent symptoms we used Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS).43.1% of male and 47.3% of female were overweight and 21.5% of male and 21.6% of female were obese. The total body fat exceeded its normal limits in 70.8% of men and in 32.3% of women. Waist was high (abdominal obesity) in 49.5% of women and in 26.2% of men. Present gastrointestinal symptoms were: reflux (23.4%), abdominal pain (8.9%), indigestion (32.9%), diarrhea (6.3%) and constipation (8.9%). Overweight or obese subjects accused reflux, indigestion (p < 0.01) and constipation (p < 0.05) more frequently than those with normal weight. Odd ratio value and 95% confidence interval for obese versus normal weighted subjects was 8.23 (2.15-37.58) for reflux and 11.65 (3.34-45.5) for indigestion.Our findings up-date epidemiological data and suggest the need to promote healthy eating habits in order to reduce the tendency of obesity and to improve digestive function in population.
HubMed – eating

Risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini infection among schoolchildren in Lao PDR.

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2012 May; 43(3): 574-85
Tomokawa S, Kobayashi T, Pongvongsa T, Nisaygnang B, Kaneda E, Honda S, Moji K, Boupha B

A matched-pair case-control study was conducted to identify factors associated with Opisthorchis viverrini infection among primary schoolchildren to develop preventive education. A house-to-house interview of the guardians of 118 children (59 cases and 59 controls) was conducted to collect information about theirs and their children’s fish eating habits of 10 locally available fish species. The guardians’ knowledge and attitudes about Opisthorchis viverrini infection and socio-economic status were asked about. The frequencies of eating fish did not differ between cases and controls. However, cases ate raw fish more frequently than controls (5.1 vs 1.2 times monthly). The frequency of eating raw “pa-xiew” was most strongly related to infection (OR 2.47; 95%CI 1.05-5.82). Infection was significantly associated with the children’s experiences of eating raw fish (OR 7.48; 95% CI 1.45-38.69), frequency of eating raw fish by their guardians (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.04-1.53) and maternal educational and career (OR 0.76; 95% CI 0.62-0.94). To prevent infections it is necessary to prevent the fish from becoming infected and to avoid eating raw fish. Education should focus on the children and their guardians to promote better eating habits.
HubMed – eating

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