Therapeutic Paralysis in Veterans With COPD.

Therapeutic paralysis in Veterans with COPD.

Respir Med. 2013 Jul 1;
Mulhall AM, Lach LA, Krzywkowski-Mohn SM, Welge JA, Panos RJ

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common disorder of Veterans that causes significant morbidity and mortality. To measure Veterans’ perceptions about COPD, the effect of COPD on their lives and health, and their needs for improved health, we performed a postal survey.3263 Veterans with a diagnosis of COPD who received care at the Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center in 2008 were stratified into quintiles by Veterans Health Administration-associated COPD healthcare cost and uniformly sampled.493 of 1000 surveys (49%) were completed and returned. COPD had different effects on respondents in top and bottom quintiles (highest and lowest COPD-related cost) for: knowledge of COPD diagnosis (89% vs 73%, p = 0.03); activities affected by breathing, including work (69% vs 45%), recreation (85% vs 62%), change in living arrangements (36% vs 16%), and increased need for help (54% vs 25%) (p < 0.05 for all comparisons); emotional effect of respiratory symptoms, including depression (53% vs 30%), fear (41% vs 15%), and helplessness (49% vs 24%) (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). 91% of Veterans were prescribed inhalers and one-quarter had difficulties using them. 25% of Veterans did nothing when they had symptoms of an exacerbation.COPD has profound effects on Veterans' breathing related activities and generates many negative emotions. Primary care providers are critical in conveying the diagnosis of COPD and providing information about the disease and its management. Veterans with COPD adhere poorly to their medications, and report little instruction about COPD or its management. HubMed – depression

Neurologic involvement in scleroderma: A systematic review.

Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2013 Jul 1;
Amaral TN, Peres FA, Lapa AT, Marques-Neto JF, Appenzeller S

To perform a systematic review of neurologic involvement in Systemic sclerosis (SSc) and Localized Scleroderma (LS), describing clinical features, neuroimaging, and treatment.We performed a literature search in PubMed using the following MeSH terms, scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, localized scleroderma, localized scleroderma “en coup de sabre”, Parry-Romberg syndrome, cognitive impairment, memory, seizures, epilepsy, headache, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D), SF-36, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), neuropsychiatric, psychosis, neurologic involvement, neuropathy, peripheral nerves, cranial nerves, carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar entrapment, tarsal tunnel syndrome, mononeuropathy, polyneuropathy, radiculopathy, myelopathy, autonomic nervous system, nervous system, electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Patients with other connective tissue disease knowingly responsible for nervous system involvement were excluded from the analyses.A total of 182 case reports/studies addressing SSc and 50 referring to LS were identified. SSc patients totalized 9506, while data on 224 LS patients were available. In LS, seizures (41.58%) and headache (18.81%) predominated. Nonetheless, descriptions of varied cranial nerve involvement and hemiparesis were made. Central nervous system involvement in SSc was characterized by headache (23.73%), seizures (13.56%) and cognitive impairment (8.47%). Depression and anxiety were frequently observed (73.15% and 23.95%, respectively). Myopathy (51.8%), trigeminal neuropathy (16.52%), peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy (14.25%), and carpal tunnel syndrome (6.56%) were the most frequent peripheral nervous system involvement in SSc. Autonomic neuropathy involving cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems was regularly described. Treatment of nervous system involvement, on the other hand, varied in a case-to-case basis. However, corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide were usually prescribed in severe cases.Previously considered a rare event, nervous system involvement in scleroderma has been increasingly recognized. Seizures and headache are the most reported features in LS en coup de sabre, while peripheral and autonomic nervous systems involvement predominate in SSc. Moreover, recently, reports have frequently documented white matter lesions in asymptomatic SSc patients, suggesting smaller branches and perforating arteries involvement. HubMed – depression

Behavioural activation: A pilot trial of transdiagnostic treatment for excessive worry.

Behav Res Ther. 2013 Jun 7; 51(9): 533-539
Chen J, Liu X, Rapee RM, Pillay P

Transdiagnostic interventions present pragmatic benefits in treatment dissemination and training of mental health professionals when faced with emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression. Excessive worry is a common feature across emotional disorders and represents an ideal candidate target for transdiagnostic intervention. The current pilot trial examined the efficacy of a behavioural activation treatment for worry (BAW) in a community population. 49 individuals experiencing excessive worry were randomised to waitlist or BAW receiving an 8 week group based intervention. Results demonstrated that BAW was successful in reducing excessive worry, depressive symptoms, cognitive avoidance, Intolerance of Uncertainty and improving problem solving orientation. Twice as many individuals showed clinically significant reductions in excessive worry after treatment compared to the waitlist control. Despite limitations to sample size and power, this study presents promising support for BAW as a practical transdiagnostic treatment for worry. HubMed – depression

Course sequences in bipolar disorder: Depressions preceding or following manias or hypomanias.

J Affect Disord. 2013 Jul 1;
Koukopoulos A, Reginaldi D, Tondo L, Visioli C, Baldessarini RJ

Inferior response to lithium treatment has been reported in bipolar disorder (BD) patients with mania or hypomania following episodes of major depression (DMI) versus preceding depression (MDI), with intervening euthymic periods. However, additional characteristics of BD course-patterns require further assessment.We reviewed computerized clinical records and life-charts of 855 DSM-IV-TR BD-I or -II patients assessed and followed at mood-disorder centers in Cagliari or Rome to characterize their predominant course-sequences.Morbidity over an average of 9.5 cycles in 18 years was characterized for sequencing of illness-episodes and euthymic intervals. Prevalent sequences included: major depression-hypomania (15.0%), mania-major depression (14.6%), major depression-mania (11.6%), and rapid-cycling (9.6%). Among subjects grouped by course-sequences (based on mania, mixed-states, or hypomania and major or minor depression), depression-before-[hypo]mania (DMI) cases were more likely to be women, diagnosed BD-II, have first-episodes of depressive or anxiety disorder, spend more time ill in depression, and benefit less with long-term mood-stabilizing treatments than with the opposite pattern (MDI). MDI patients were more likely to have substance-abuse and receive long-term mood-stabilizer treatments. Meta-analysis of 5 previous reports plus present findings found inferior treatment-response in DMI vs. MDI cases at a pooled risk-difference of 29% [CI: 18-40%] (p<0.0001).Some data were retrospective and subject to recall bias, and treatment was clinical (non-randomized).The DMI course was strongly associated with first-episode depression or anxiety, excess depressive morbidity, and inferior treatment response, especially for depression. HubMed – depression

rTMS – A Depression Treatment Without Medication – The London Psychiatry Centre is the only clinic in the UK to offer repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, or rTMS, from its Harley Street clinic as a …