The Ascending Reticular Activating System From Pontine Reticular Formation to the Thalamus in the Human Brain.
The ascending reticular activating system from pontine reticular formation to the thalamus in the human brain.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2013; 7: 416
Yeo SS, Chang PH, Jang SH
Introduction: Action of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) on the cerebral cortex is responsible for achievement of consciousness. In this study, we attempted to reconstruct the lower single component of the ARAS from the reticular formation (RF) to the thalamus in the normal human brain using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods: Twenty six normal healthy subjects were recruited for this study. A 1.5-T scanner was used for scanning of diffusion tensor images, and the lower single component of the ARAS was reconstructed using FMRIB software. We utilized two ROIs for reconstruction of the lower single component of the ARAS: the seed ROI – the RF of the pons at the level of the trigeminal nerve entry zone, the target ROI – the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus at the level of the commissural plane. Results: The reconstructed ARAS originated from the pontine RF, ascended through the mesencephalic tegmentum just posterior to the red nucleus, and then terminated on the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus. No significant differences in fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, and tract number were observed between hemispheres (p?>?0.05). Conclusion: We reconstructed the lower single component of the ARAS… Continue reading
Differential Roles of the Prefrontal Cortical Subregions and Basolateral Amygdala in Compulsive Cocaine Seeking and Relapse After Voluntary Abstinence in Rats.
Differential roles of the prefrontal cortical subregions and basolateral amygdala in compulsive cocaine seeking and relapse after voluntary abstinence in rats.
Eur J Neurosci. 2013 Jul 1;
Pelloux Y, Murray JE, Everitt BJ
Compulsive drug use and a persistent… Continue reading
Gap Junctions and Biophysical Regulation of Bone Cells.
Gap Junctions and Biophysical Regulation of Bone Cells.
Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab. 2010 Dec 1; 8(4): 189-200
Lloyd SA, Donahue HJ
Communication between osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes is integral to their ability to build and maintain the skeletal… Continue reading
Dynamic Change and Influence of Osteoporotic Back Pain With Vertebral Fracture on Related Activities and Social Participation: Evaluating Reliability and Validity of a Newly Developed Outcome Measure.
Dynamic change and influence of osteoporotic back pain with vertebral fracture on related activities and social participation: evaluating reliability and validity of a newly developed outcome measure.
J Bone Miner Metab. 2013 May 21;
Doi T, Akai M, Endo… Continue reading
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Among the Geriatric Population.
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury among the Geriatric Population.
Curr Transl Geriatr Exp Gerontol Rep. 2012 Sep 1; 1(3): 135-142
Papa L, Mendes ME, Braga CF
Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an unfortunately common occurrence in the elderly. With… Continue reading
Alcohol Use and Cerebral White Matter Compromise in Adolescence.
Alcohol use and cerebral white matter compromise in adolescence.
Addict Behav. 2013 Mar 15; 38(7): 2295-2305
Elofson J, Gongvatana W, Carey KB
Alcohol use is typically initiated during adolescence, a period known to be critical in neurodevelopment. The adolescent… Continue reading