Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Following Non-Surgical (Routine) Tooth Extraction: A Pilot Study.
Oral health-related quality of life following non-surgical (routine) tooth extraction: A pilot study.
Contemp Clin Dent. 2012 Oct; 3(4): 427-32
Adeyemo WL, Taiwo OA, Oderinu OH, Adeyemi MF, Ladeinde AL, Ogunlewe MO
The study was designed to explore the changes in oral health-related quality of life (QoL) in the immediate postoperative period following routine (non-surgical) dental extraction.A prospective study carried out at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.Subjects attending who required non-surgical removal of one or two teeth under local anesthesia were included in the study. A baseline QoL questionnaire (oral health impact profile-14 [OHIP-14]) was filled by each patient just before surgery, and only those who were considered to have their QoL “not affected” (total score 14 or less) were included in the study. After the extraction, each subject was given a modified form of “health related QoL” [OHIP-14]-instrument to be completed by the 3(rd) day-after surgery, and were given the opportunity to review the questionnaire on the 7(th) day postoperative review.Total OHIP-14 scores ranged between 14 and 48 (mean ± SD, 26.2 ± 8.3). Majority of the subjects (60%) reported, “a little affected.” Only few subjects (5.8%) reported, “not at all affected,” and about 32% reported, “quite a lot.” Summation of OHIP-14 scores revealed that QoL was “affected” in 41 subjects (34.2%) and “not affected” in 79 subjects (65.8%). More than 30% of subjects reported that their ability to chew, ability to open the mouth and enjoyment of food were affected following tooth extraction. Few subjects (14-34%) reported deterioration in their speech and less than 20% of subjects reported that change in their appearance was “affected.” Only few subjects (12.5-15.1%) reported sleep and duty impairment. Thirty-percent of subjects reported their inability to keep social activities, and 41% were not able to continue with their favorite sports and hobbies. Multiple regression analysis revealed no significant association between age, sex, indications for extraction, duration of extraction, intra-operative complications, and deterioration in QoL (P < 0.05). Consumption of analgesics beyond postoperative day 1 (POD1) was more common in subjects with socket healing complications than those without (P = 0.000). About 33% of subjects reported, "inability to work" (1-3 days).About a third of subjects experienced significant deterioration in QoL. The most affected domains were eating/diet variation and speech variation. Therefore, patients should be informed of possible deterioration in their QoL following non-surgical tooth extraction. HubMed – eating
Correlates of root caries experience in middle-aged and older adults in the Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in Evidence-based DENTistry research network.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2013 May; 144(5): 507-16
Chi DL, Berg JH, Kim AS, Scott J,
The authors examined the correlates of root caries experience for middle-aged adults (aged 45-64 years) and older adults (65 years and older) to test the hypothesis that the factors related to root caries are different for middle-aged adults than they are for older adults.The authors conducted an observational cross-sectional study that focused on adult patients aged 45 to 97 years recruited from the Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in Evidence-based DENTistry research network (N = 775). The outcome variable was any root caries experience (no/yes). The authors hypothesized that sociodemographic, intra- oral and behavioral factors were root caries correlates. The authors used Poisson regression models to generate overall and age-stratified prevalence ratios (PRs) of root caries, and they used generalized estimating equations to account for practice-level clustering of participants.A total of 19.6 percent of adults had any root caries. A dentist’s assessment that the patient was at high risk of developing any caries was associated with greater prevalence of root caries experience in both middle-aged adults (PR, 2.70; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 1.63-4.46) and older adults (PR, 1.87; 95 percent CI, 1.19-2.95). The following factors were associated significantly with increased root caries prevalence but only for middle-aged adults: male sex (P = .02), self-reported dry mouth (P < .001), exposed roots (P = .03) and increased frequency of eating or drinking between meals (P = .03). No other covariates were related to root caries experience for older adults.Within a practice-based research network, the factors associated with root caries experience were different for middle-aged adults than they were for older adults. Research is needed to identify relevant root caries correlates for adults 65 years and older. Practical Implications. Interventions aimed at preventing root caries are likely to be different for middle-aged adults than for older adults. Dentists should use root caries prevention programs that address appropriate aged-based risk factors. HubMed – eating
“A sampling approach for the eating quality prediction of apples using VIS-NIR spectroscopy”
J Sci Food Agric. 2013 Apr 30;
Martínez Vega MV, Sharifzadeh S, Wulfsohn D, Skov T, Harder Clemmensen L, Toldam-Andersen TB
BACKGROUND: VIS/NIR spectroscopy remains a method of increasing interest as a fast alternative for fruit quality evaluation. The success of the method is assumed to be achieved by using large sets of samples to produce robust calibration models(3) . In this study we used representative samples of an early and a late season apple cultivar to evaluate model robustness (in terms of prediction ability and error) on SSC and acidity prediction, in the range 400-1100 nm. RESULTS: A total of 196 middle-early season and 219 late season apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) cvs Aroma and Holsteiner Cox samples were used to construct spectral models for SSC (soluble solids content) and Acidity. Partial Least Squares (PLS), Ridge regression (RR) and Elastic Net (EN) models were used to build prediction models. Furthermore, we compared three sub-sample arrangements for forming training and test sets (‘smooth fractionator’, by date of measurement after harvest and random).Using the ‘smooth fractionator’ sampling method, fewer spectral bands (26) and Elastic Net resulted in improved performance for SSC (Soluble solids content) models of Aroma apples with coefficient of variation CVSSC =13%. The model showed consistently low errors and bias (PLS/EN : R(2) cal ?=?0.60/0.60; SEC = 0.88/0.88 (o) Brix; Biascal ?=?0.00/0.00; R(2) val ?=?0.33/0.44; SEP=1.14/1.03; Bias val ?=?0.04/0.03). However, the prediction acidity and for SSC (CV=5%) of the late cultivar Holsteiner Cox produced inferior results as compared with Aroma. CONCLUSION: It was possible to construct local SSC and acidity calibration models for early season apple cultivars with CVs of SSC and acidity around 10%. The overall model performance of these data sets depended as well on the proper selection of training and test sets. The ‘smooth fractionator’ protocol provided an objective way to obtain training and test sets that capture the existing variability of the fruit samples for construction of VIS-NIR prediction models. The implication is that by using such ‘efficient’ sampling methods for obtaining an initial sample of fruit that represents the variability of the population and for sub-sampling to form training and test sets it should be possible to use relatively small sample sizes to develop spectral predictions of fruit quality. Using feature selection and Elastic Net appears to improve the SSC model performance in terms of R(2) , RMSECV and RMSEP for Aroma apples. HubMed – eating