Antioxidant and Antigenotoxic Effects of Lycopene in Obstructive Jaundice.

Antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of lycopene in obstructive jaundice.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

J Surg Res. 2012 Nov 7;
Ayd?n S, Tokaç M, Taner G, Ar?kök AT, Dündar HZ, Ozkarde? AB, Ta?l?p?nar MY, K?l?ç M, Ba?aran AA, Ba?aran N

BACKGROUND: Obstructive jaundice, a frequently observed condition caused by obstruction of the common bile duct or its flow and seen in many clinical situations, may end up with serious complications like sepsis, immune depression, coagulopathy, wound breakdown, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and hepatic and renal failures. Intrahepatic accumulation of reactive oxygen species is thought to be an important cause for the possible mechanisms of the pathogenesis of cholestatic tissue injury from jaundice. Carotenoids have been well described that are able to scavenge reactive oxygen species. Lycopene, a carotenoid present in tomatoes, tomato products, and several fruits and vegetables, have been suggested to have antioxidant activity, so may play a role in certain diseases related to the oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of lycopene on oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by experimental biliary obstruction in Wistar albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Daily doses of 100 mg/kg lycopene were given to the bile duct-ligation (BDL) rats orally for 14 days. DNA damage was evaluated by an alkaline comet assay. The levels of aspartate transferase, amino alanine transferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and direct bilirubin were analyzed in plasma for the determination of liver functions. The levels of malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S transferase were determined in the liver and kidney tissues. Pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha level was determined in the liver tissues. Histologic examinations of the liver and kidney tissues were also performed. RESULTS: According to this study, lycopene significantly recovered the parameters of liver functions in plasma, reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, enhanced reduced glutathione levels, as well as enhancing all antioxidant enzyme activity in all tissues obtained from the BDL group. Moreover, the parameters of DNA damage in the liver and kidney tissue cells, whole blood cells, and lymphocytes were significantly lower in the lycopene-treated BDL group, compared with the BDL group. CONCLUSIONS: Lycopene significantly reduced the DNA damage, and markedly recovered the liver and kidney tissue injuries seen in rats with obstructive jaundice.
HubMed – depression

Clinical profile of coexisting conditions in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2012 Apr; 6(2): 70-6
Kota SK, Meher LK, Jammula S, Kota SK, Modi KD

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with various genetic and autoimmune diseases implicated in its etiopathogenesis. We hereby profile the clinical association of such diseases among patients from our center.Consecutive patients of T1DM presenting to department of Endocrinology from May 1997 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed in context of associated clinical profile.Among 260 patients diagnosed as T1DM, 21 (8%) had hypothyroidism, 4 (1.5%) had hyperthyroidism and 2 (0.7%) had primary adrenal insufficiency. Eighteen patients (7%) had celiac disease, 9 (3.5%) had Turner’s syndrome, 5 patients (1.9%) had Klinefelter’s syndrome, whereas Down’s syndrome and Noonan’s syndrome was present in 2 and 1 patients (0.7%) respectively. One patient had Wolframs’ syndrome and 1 patients had myasthenia gravis. Systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis were present in 3 and 1 patients respectively. Total of 5 patients with cerebral palsy, 4 cases with deaf mutism, 4 cases with acute psychosis and 16 patients with depression were noted. Mean age of study patients was 20.8±9.8 years (range, 3-23 years).Various conditions including genetic (Down, Turner, Noonan, and Klinefelter’s), autoimmune (thyroid and adrenal disorders, myasthenia gravis, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis) and central nervous system diseases were the associated diseases encountered in our patients. Routine screening is required for early diagnosis and treatment of associated co morbidities.
HubMed – depression

Methodological differences between pharmacological treatment guidelines for bipolar disorder: what to do for the clinicians?

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Compr Psychiatry. 2012 Nov 12;
Samalin L, Guillaume S, Courtet P, Abbar M, Lancrenon S, Llorca PM

OBJECTIVE: Numerous guidelines for bipolar disorder have been published. The aim of this article is to underline the main differences between consensus-based guidelines (CBG) and evidence-based guidelines (EBG) currently available for the management of bipolar disorder. METHODS: A literature search for guidelines published since 2006 was performed. A qualitative analysis was then conducted to compare the methodologies and the guidelines contents. RESULTS: Comparison between CBG and EBG found more similarities than differences. However, discordances were found in the first-line choice of treatment (monotherapy or combination, use of lamotrigine or lithium in bipolar depression), time to reassessment and duration of maintenance treatment, introduction as from the acute phase a regimen compatible with long-term use and pharmacotherapy during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The choice of policy, whatever the methodology used, is up to the authors and can, therefore, depend on their interpretation of the available scientific evidence. Combining both methodologies (CBG and EBG) enables us to meet the complete definition of evidence-based medicine.
HubMed – depression

Depression Recovery Programme at St. Patrick’s University Hospital – The Depression Recovery Programme was launched in St. Patrick’s University Hospital in 2003. It is has been designed specifically for people who have experience or are seeking treatment for depression. Mission Our mission is to promote healthy living, inspire hope and a vision of recovery and to advocate for people who have an experience of depression.

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