Cardiovascular Disease and Spinal Cord Injury: Results From a National Population Health Survey.
Cardiovascular disease and spinal cord injury: Results from a national population health survey.
Neurology. 2013 Jul 24;
Cragg JJ, Noonan VK, Krassioukov A, Borisoff J
To evaluate the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and spinal cord injury (SCI) in a large representative sample.Data were compiled from more than 60,000 individuals from the 2010 cycle of the cross-sectional Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine this relationship, adjusting for confounders and using probability weighting to account for the CCHS sampling method.After adjusting for age and sex, SCI was associated with a significant increased odds of heart disease (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.94-3.82) and stroke (adjusted OR = 3.72, 95% CI 2.22-6.23).These remarkably heightened odds highlight the exigent need for targeted interventions and prevention strategies addressing modifiable risk factors for CVD in individuals with SCI. HubMed – rehab
Understanding Adaptive Motor Control of the Paretic Upper Limb Early Poststroke: The EXPLICIT-stroke Program.
Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2013 Jul 24;
van Kordelaar J, van Wegen EE, Nijland RH, Daffertshofer A, Kwakkel G
. During upper limb motor recovery after stroke, the greatest improvements occur typically in the first 5 weeks poststroke. It is unclear what patients learn during this early phase of recovery.. To investigate the hypothesis that, early poststroke, patients learn to master the degrees of freedom in the paretic upper limb as reflected by dissociated shoulder and elbow movements during reach-to-grasp.. Thirty-one patients with a first-ever ischemic stroke were included. Repeated 3-dimensional kinematic measurements were conducted at 14, 25, 38, 57, 92, and 189 days poststroke. Trunk, shoulder, elbow, and wrist rotations were measured during a reach-to-grasp task. Using principal component analysis the longitudinal changes in dissociated upper limb movements during reach-to-grasp were investigated. Twelve healthy subjects were included for comparison.. The main coordination pattern during reach-to-grasp in patients with stroke and healthy subjects consisted mostly of horizontal shoulder adduction and elbow extension. The standard deviation of this main pattern increased over time, with the largest increase in the first 5 weeks poststroke (F = 5.5, P < .001), but remained smaller than in healthy individuals. The standard deviation increased by 0.46° per day between 14 and 38 days and tapered off to 0.05° per day between 38 and 189 days poststroke.. Our results suggest that restitution of motor control by dissociation of shoulder and elbow movements occurs mainly early poststroke. However, compared with healthy adults, most patients did not achieve fully dissociated upper limb movements at 26 weeks poststroke, suggesting that upper limb motor control after stroke remains adaptive. HubMed – rehab
Assisted Bicycle Training Delays Functional Deterioration in Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: The Randomized Controlled Trial “No Use Is Disuse”
Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2013 Jul 24;
Jansen M, van Alfen N, Geurts AC, de Groot IJ
. Physical training might delay the functional deterioration caused by disuse in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The “No Use Is Disuse” study is the first explorative, randomized controlled trial in boys with DMD to examine whether assisted bicycle training is feasible, safe, and beneficial.. Ambulatory and recently wheelchair-dependent boys with DMD were allocated to the intervention or control group. The intervention group received assisted bicycle training of the legs and arms during 24 weeks. The control group received the same training after a waiting period of 24 weeks. The primary study outcomes were the Motor Function Measure (MFM) and the Assisted 6-Minute Cycling Test (A6MCT). Group differences were examined by an analysis of covariance.. Thirty boys (mean age 10.5 ± 2.6 years, 18 ambulant and 12 wheelchair-dependent) were allocated to the intervention (n = 17) or the control (n = 13) group. All boys in the intervention group (except one) completed the training. After 24 weeks, the total MFM score remained stable in the intervention group, whereas it had significantly decreased in the control group (? = 4.9, 95% confidence interval = 2.2-7.6). No significant group differences were found for the A6MCT. No serious adverse events were observed.. Our results suggest that assisted bicycle training of the legs and arms is feasible and safe for both ambulant and wheelchair-dependent children and may decline the deterioration due to disuse. Progressive deterioration, however, may compromise the design of trials for DMD. HubMed – rehab
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