The Association Between Problematic Internet Use and Depression, Suicidal Ideation and Bipolar Disorder Symptoms in Korean Adolescents.
The association between problematic internet use and depression, suicidal ideation and bipolar disorder symptoms in Korean adolescents.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2012 Oct 9;
Park S, Hong KE, Park EJ, Ha KS, Yoo HJ
Objective:This study used a sample of Korean adolescents to evaluate: (a) associations between problematic internet use and depression, bipolar disorder symptoms and suicidal ideation; and (b) whether mood disorders mediate the relationship between problematic internet use and suicidal ideation.Method:A total of 795 middle and high school students were recruited (538 girls; mean age, 13.87 ± 1.51 years). The Internet Addiction Proneness Scale for Youth-Short Form (KS-scale) was used to evaluate the presence and severity of problematic internet use. The frequencies of depression, suicidal ideation and probable bipolar disorder were compared between adolescents with and without internet addiction. The associations between the severity of problematic internet use and the severity of depressive symptoms, bipolar symptoms and suicidal ideation were also analyzed.Results:Seventy-five adolescents (9.4%) met the criteria for problematic internet use. The presence of problematic internet use was significantly associated with suicidal ideation (OR = 5.82, 95% CI = 3.30-10.26, p < 0.001) as well as depression (OR = 5.00, 95% CI = 2.88-8.66, p < 0.001). There was a marginally significant association between problematic internet use and probable bipolar disorder (OR = 3.05, 95% CI = 0.96-9.69, p = 0.059). In the path model, problematic internet use significantly predicted depressive symptoms (? = 0.296, 95% CI = 0.214-0.367, p = 0.005), which predicted suicidal ideation (? = 0.699, 95% CI = 0.631-0.751, p = 0.009). Problematic internet use also predicted suicidal ideation directly (? = 0.115, 95% CI = 0.052-0.193, p = 0.006). Conversely, depressive symptoms (? = 0.119, 95% CI = -0.005-0.219, p = 0.040) and suicidal ideation (? = 0.215, 95% CI = 0.089-0.346, p = 0.005) predicted problematic internet use.Conclusions:There is a complex transactional relationship between problematic internet use, depressive symptoms, bipolar symptoms and suicidal ideation, so these conditions must be assessed together during the evaluation of adolescents. Prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the causal relationships between problematic internet use, mood symptoms and suicidal ideation. HubMed – addiction
Analysis of treatment-resistant schizophrenia and 384 markers from candidate genes.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2012 Nov; 22(11): 807-811
Teo C, Zai C, Borlido C, Tomasetti C, Strauss J, Shinkai T, Le Foll B, Wong A, Kennedy JL, De Luca V
The treatment of patients with schizophrenia who fail to respond to antipsychotics is a major challenge and the proportion of treatment-resistant patients is estimated to be 20 to 40%. There are few genetic association studies that have compared resistant versus non-resistant schizophrenic patients; however, many genetic association studies focusing on antipsychotic response have been published. This contribution investigates the genetics of treatment-resistant schizophrenia, testing 384 candidate gene loci related to the neurobiology of the disease. First, we identified a subgroup of treatment-resistant patients in a sample of 240 schizophrenia patients using the American Psychiatric Association criteria and then we genotyped all patients using a custom Illumina Bead Chip comprising of 384 single nucleotide polymorphisms. We screened all markers for nominal significance and for statistical significance after multiple-testing correction. The most significant single nucleotide polymorphism was the rs2152324 marker in the NALCN gene (P=0.004); however, after the FDR correction, the P-value was not significant. Our analysis of 384 markers across candidate genes did not indicate any robust association with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, this phenotype can be assessed retrospectively in cross-sectional studies and these preliminary results point out the importance of choosing alternative phenotypes in psychiatric pharmacogenetics.
HubMed – addiction
Amphetamine locomotor sensitization is accompanied with an enhanced high K(+)-stimulated Dopamine release in the rat medial prefrontal cortex.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Behav Brain Res. 2012 Oct 6;
Casanova JP, Velis GP, Fuentealba JA
In the present work, we assessed dopamine extracellular levels in the medial Prefrontal Cortex of rats repeatedly treated with amphetamine during early abstinence. Rats were injected once daily with amphetamine for five consecutive days. A sensitized locomotor response was observed in 55% of animals treated. After two days of abstinence, an amphetamine challenge dose was given to all rats and locomotor activity was measured to assess expression of sensitization. A persistence of heightened locomotor response to amphetamine was observed in rats that developed sensitization. Twenty four hours after amphetamine challenge, microdialysis experiments were carried out to evaluate basal and stimulated dopamine extracellular levels in the medial Prefrontal Cortex. Rats that developed and expressed amphetamine locomotor sensitization showed a significantly greater high potassium-stimulated dopamine release compared to Non-sensitized and Saline rats. These results show that the increased dopamine releasability in the medial Prefrontal Cortex occurs soon after development of amphetamine locomotor sensitization, and might be underlying the early expression of sensitization.
HubMed – addiction
Betty Ford Center: Addiction the Disease – Part 8 – Dr. Harry Haroutunian, Betty Ford Center Physician Director, discusses the impact of stress on alcoholism and addiction.
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