Speech Processing Disorder in Neural Hearing Loss.

Speech processing disorder in neural hearing loss.

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Case Report Med. 2012; 2012: 206716
Pillion JP

Deficits in central auditory processing may occur in a variety of clinical conditions including traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative disease, auditory neuropathy/dyssynchrony syndrome, neurological disorders associated with aging, and aphasia. Deficits in central auditory processing of a more subtle nature have also been studied extensively in neurodevelopmental disorders in children with learning disabilities, ADD, and developmental language disorders. Illustrative cases are reviewed demonstrating the use of an audiological test battery in patients with auditory neuropathy/dyssynchrony syndrome, bilateral lesions to the inferior colliculi, and bilateral lesions to the temporal lobes. Electrophysiological tests of auditory function were utilized to define the locus of dysfunction at neural levels ranging from the auditory nerve, midbrain, and cortical levels.
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The association of drooling and health-related quality of life in children with cerebral palsy.

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Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2012; 8: 599-604
Chang SC, Lin CK, Tung LC, Chang NY

To investigate the association between drooling in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their health-related quality of life (HRQOL), as well as the possible variables that predict their HRQOL.A cross-sectional design was used for this study. Children with CP, without other identified disease, aged 2 to 6 years, who drool (n = 33) or did not drool (n = 14), were included. The dependent variables were the physical health summary scores and the psychosocial health summary scores of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0. The t test, Pearson product-moment correlation, Mann-Whitney U test and stepwise regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.The physical health and psychosocial health summary scores of the children that drooled (16.29 ± 15.97 and 42.92 ± 17.57, respectively) were lower than for the children that did not drool (31.97 ± 22.22 and 57.09 ± 12.21, respectively; P < 0.01). The drooling ranking score was negatively correlated with the physical health summary score (r = -0.355; P < 0.05) and the psychosocial health summary score (r = -0.381; P < 0.01). The stepwise regression showed that gross motor development and the drooling ranking score predicted 56.6% of the variability of the physical health summary score (R(2) = 0.566; P < 0.01). The language development score predicted 25.6% of the variability of the psychosocial health summary score (R(2) = 0.256; P < 0.01).Drooling was associated with a lower HRQOL. Prediction of the physical health summary score was more closely associated with gross motor development and the drooling ranking scores. Prediction of the psychosocial health summary score was more closely associated with the language development of children with CP aged 2 to 6 years. HubMed – rehab

An Early Appointment to Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation at Hospital Discharge Improves Attendance at Orientation: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Controlled Trial.

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Circulation. 2012 Dec 18;
Pack QR, Mansour M, Barboza JS, Hibner BA, Mahan MG, Ehrman JK, Vanzant MA, Schairer JR, Keteyian SJ

BACKGROUND: Outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) decreases mortality rates but is underutilized. Current median time from hospital discharge to enrollment is 35 days. We hypothesized that an appointment within 10 days would improve attendance at CR orientation. METHODS AND RESULTS: At hospital discharge, 148 patients with a non-surgical qualifying diagnosis for cardiac rehabilitation were randomized to receive a CR orientation appointment either within 10 days (early, E) or at 35 days (standard, STD). The primary endpoint was attendance at CR orientation. Secondary outcome measures were attendance at ?1 exercise session, the total number of exercise sessions attended, completion of CR, and change in exercise training work load while in CR. Average age was 60 ± 12 yr., 56% male, 49% Black, with balanced baseline characteristics between groups. Median time (95% CI) to orientation was 8.5 (7 to 13) vs. 42 (35 to -) days for the E and STD groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Attendance rates at the orientation session were 57/74 (77%) vs. 44/74 (59%) for E and STD groups respectively, demonstrating a significant 18% absolute and 56% relative improvement (RR 1.56, 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.37; p = 0.022). The number needed to treat was 5.7. There was no difference (p>0.05) in any of the secondary outcome measures but statistical power for these endpoints was low. Safety analysis demonstrated no difference between groups in CR-related adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Early appointments to CR significantly improve attendance at orientation. This simple technique could potentially increase initial CR participation nationwide. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION: clinicaltrials.gov; Identifier: NCT01596036.
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