Modulating the Motor System by Action Observation After Stroke.
Modulating the Motor System by Action Observation After Stroke.
Stroke. 2013 Jun 6;
Garrison KA, Aziz-Zadeh L, Wong SW, Liew SL, Winstein CJ
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Much recent interest surrounds the use of action observation, which is observing another individual performing a motor task, in stroke rehabilitation, to promote motor recovery by engaging similar brain regions to action execution. This may be especially useful in individuals with limited mobility. Here, we assess how cortical motor activity during action observation is affected by stroke and by stroke-related motor deficits. METHODS: We used functional MRI to compare brain activity during right and left hand action observation in right-handed nondisabled participants and participants who were right-handed before left hemisphere stroke. All participants performed the same actions after their functional MRI. RESULTS: Nondisabled participants show greater bilateral cortical motor activity when observing actions made using the left hand, whereas participants with stroke show greater ipsilesional cortical motor activity when observing actions made using the right (paretic) hand (P<0.05; corrected). For both groups, action processing is modulated by motor capability: cortical motor activity is greater when observing the hand with lower motor scores (P<0.05; corrected). Furthermore, for stroke, the extent of ipsilesional activity correlates with lesion volume (P=0.049), in a pattern that suggests adaptive plasticity. CONCLUSIONS: We found that action observation activates specific motor plans in damaged motor circuits after stroke, and this activity is related to motor capability to perform the same actions. Cortical motor activity during action observation may be relevant to motor learning, and to motor relearning in stroke rehabilitation. HubMed – rehab
Efficacy and Safety of Micafungin for Febrile Neutropenia in Pediatric Patients With Hematological Malignancies: A Multicenter Prospective Study.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2013 Jun 4;
Kobayashi R, Suzuki N, Yoshida M, Iizuka S, Suzuki D, Sano H, Kudoh T
BACKGROUND:: Invasive fungal infections are a major cause of infectious mortality in neutropenic patients receiving chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, little is known about the efficacy and safety of micafungin (MCFG), an echinocandin antifungal agent, in pediatric patients with febrile neutropenia (FN). PROCEDURE:: This study was conducted as a prospective multicenter trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MCFG for FN in pediatric patients with hematological diseases. Efficacy was assessed based on the response to the 5 composite endpoints established by Walsh and colleagues in addition to body temperature and C-reactive protein values. RESULTS:: Thirty episodes of FN were enrolled in the study. The median dose and duration of MCFG treatment were 3.0 mg/kg/d and 13.5 days, respectively. Using the criteria of Walsh and colleagues, MCFG was effective in 56.7% of the patients. No breakthrough invasive fungal infection occurred during MCFG treatment. Body temperatures on the last day of neutropenia during administration of MCFG and on the last day of MCFG therapy and C-reactive protein values after administration of MCFG were significantly lower than on the day MCFG therapy was started. Adverse effects in the form of mild liver dysfunction were seen in only 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS:: MCFG is a very effective and safe antifungal drug for FN in children. Physicians should administer MCFG early in febrile episode in patients in whom first-line antibiotics are not effective in treating FN. HubMed – rehab
Women’s strategies for coping with urinary incontinence.
Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2013 Apr; 47(2): 296-303
Delarmelindo RD, Parada CM, Rodrigues RA, Bocchi SC
This article is part of a more comprehensive qualitative study which used grounded theory and symbolic interactionism as theoretical and methodological frameworks, resulting in the theoretical model entitled, Between suffering and hope: rehabilitation of urinary incontinence as an intervenient component. In order to communicate all the knowledge produced, part of this model is presented, and it refers to the process of coping with urinary incontinence by women without perspectives of access to surgical treatment after failure of conservative procedures. When interrelating the components (categories and subcategories) of these women’s experience in order to compare and analyze them to understand their interaction, moral and psychosocial vulnerability were noticed within the experience of the group, which makes them susceptible to health risks and to compromise of their quality of life, observed in the movement of the group’s experience. Research is needed to further understand experiences in which there are barriers to surgical treatment due to physicians’ disbelief in its effectiveness. HubMed – rehab
Acute effects of light emitting diodes therapy (LEDT) in muscle function during isometric exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial.
Lasers Med Sci. 2013 Jun 7;
Miranda EF, Leal-Junior EC, Marchetti PH, Dal Corso S
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are susceptible to early muscle fatigue. Light-emitting diodes therapy (LEDT) has been used to minimize muscle fatigue in athletes and healthy subjects. The aim of this study is to investigate the acute effects of LEDT on muscle fatigue and perception of effort in patients with COPD during isometric endurance test of the quadriceps femoris (QF). Ten patients (VEF1 50?±?13 % of predicted) underwent a single LEDT and sham application, 48 h apart, in a randomized crossover design. The LEDT and sham were applied in three localized areas of the QF (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis). Before and after exposure to LEDT and sham, the patients performed an isometric endurance test (60 % of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction), until the limit of tolerance concomitant to surface electromyography recording (median frequency as mean outcome). The slope obtained from linear regression analysis of the median frequency (MF) over endurance time was also used as an endurance index. Endurance time increased significantly after exposure to LEDT (from 26?±?2 to 53?±?5 s) as compared to sham (from 23?±?3 to 30?±?4 s) (F?=?64, P?=?0.0001). A greater decline in MF was observed during isometric endurance test after sham, compared to LEDT (F?=?14.6, P?=?0.004). The slope of the MF over time was lower post-LEDT compared to post-sham (-0.7?±?0.3 vs. -1.5?±?0.8; P?=?0.004). The dyspnea score corrected for endurance time was lower post-LEDT (P?=?0.008) but similar for fatigue both post-LEDT and post-sham. A single application of LEDT minimizes muscle fatigue and increases isometric endurance time. HubMed – rehab
Drug Rehab Centers | 888-992-6288 | Find A Drug Rehab – http://TreatmentCenterFinder.org 888-992-6288 We offer the greatest selection of drug rehab centers to meet your addiction and budget needs – Find a drug reh…