Effect of Ultrasonic Irradiation on the Development of Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Rats.
Effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the development of symptoms of depression and anxiety in rats.
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2013 Mar; 154(6): 740-3
Morozova AY, Zubkov EA, Storozheva ZI, Kekelidze ZI, Chekhonin VP
Behavioral reactions of rats were studied under conditions of constant exposure to ultrasonic irradiation at a frequency of 20-45 kHz for 21 days. In rats subjected to ultrasound, impaired behavior in the social interest test and Porsolt forced swimming test was observed; the development of anhedonia in the sucrose preference test was revealed (manifested in the symptoms of depression). The effects of ultrasonic irradiation were abolished by an antidepressant fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Our results indicate that chronic exposure to ultrasonic radiation produces a modulatory effect on depressive symptoms in rats. These changes satisfy the requirements for experimental animals, which are used as a model of psychopathological processes. HubMed – depression
Benzyloxycarbonyl-methionyl-2(s)-cyanopyrrolidine, a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor, modulates depression-like behavior of rats in forced swimming test and activities of proline-specific peptidases in the brain structures.
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2013 Feb; 154(5): 606-9
Krupina NA, Bogdanova NG, Khlebnikova NN, Zolotov NN, Kryzhanovskii GN
High activities of prolyl endopeptidase and dipeptidylpeptidase IV in the striatum and of prolyl endopeptidase in the frontal cortex were recorded in rats with stress-induced depression-like state (behavioral despair) developed in the Porsolt forced swimming test. Acute injection of benzyloxycarbonyl-methionyl-2(S)-cyanopyrrolidine (prolyl endopeptidase noncompetitive synthetic inhibitor) in a dose of 1 mg/kg prevented the development of behavioral despair and the increase of prolyl endopeptidase and dipeptidylpeptidase IV activities in the brain structures. In a dose of 2 mg/kg prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor did not modify the development of behavioral despair, but prevented the increase of prolyl endopeptidase and dipeptidylpeptidase IV activities in the striatum. HubMed – depression
Involvement of translation and transcription processes into neurophysiological mechanisms of long-term memory reconsolidation.
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2013 Feb; 154(5): 584-7
Kozyrev SA, Nikitin VP
We studied the involvement of translation and transcription processes into behavioral and neuronal mechanisms of reconsolidation of the long-term memory of the conditioned taste aversion in edible snails. Injection of cycloheximide (an inhibitor of protein synthesis) to the snails in 48 h after training combined with subsequent reminder and presentation of the conditional stimulus resulted in the development of persistent amnesia and depression of the responses of the defensive behavior command neurons LPl1 and RPl1 to the conditional stimulus. Injection of mRNA synthesis inhibitors actinomycin D or DRB (5,6-dichloro-1-?-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidasole) in 48 h after conditioning with subsequent reminding procedure produced no effects on memory retention and on the responses of the command neurons to the conditional stimulus. The study suggests that the proteins translated from previously synthesized and stored mRNA were involved in the mechanisms of reconsolidation of the memory responsible for conditioned taste aversion. HubMed – depression
Proteomic Characterization of Inbreeding-Related Cold Sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster.
PLoS One. 2013; 8(5): e62680
Vermeulen CJ, Pedersen KS, Beck HC, Petersen J, Gagalova KK, Loeschcke V
Inbreeding depression is a widespread phenomenon of central importance to agriculture, medicine, conservation biology and evolutionary biology. Although the population genetic principles of inbreeding depression are well understood, we know little about its functional genomic causes. To provide insight into the molecular interplay between intrinsic stress responses, inbreeding depression and temperature tolerance, we performed a proteomic characterization of a well-defined conditional inbreeding effect in a single line of Drosophila melanogaster, which suffers from extreme cold sensitivity and lethality. We identified 48 differentially expressed proteins in a conditional lethal line as compared to two control lines. These proteins were enriched for proteins involved in hexose metabolism, in particular pyruvate metabolism, and many were found to be associated with lipid particles. These processes can be linked to known cold tolerance mechanisms, such as the production of cryoprotectants, membrane remodeling and the build-up of energy reserves. We checked mRNA-expression of seven genes with large differential protein expression. Although protein expression poorly correlated with gene expression, we found a single gene (CG18067) that, after cold shock, was upregulated in the conditional lethal line both at the mRNA and protein level. Expression of CG18067 also increased in control flies after cold shock, and has previously been linked to cold exposure and chill coma recovery time. Many differentially expressed proteins in our study appear to be involved in cold tolerance in non-inbred individuals. This suggest the conditional inbreeding effect to be caused by misregulation of physiological cold tolerance mechanisms. HubMed – depression