Depression Treatment: Primary Care of People With Spinal Cord Injury: Scoping Review.

Primary care of people with spinal cord injury: Scoping review.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Can Fam Physician. 2012 Nov; 58(11): 1207-1216
McColl MA, Aiken A, McColl A, Sakakibara B, Smith K

OBJECTIVE: To perform a scoping review of the empirical evidence between 1980 and 2009 regarding primary care for adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed journals were searched from 1980 to 2009 using CINAHL, PubMed-MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Social Sciences Abstracts, and Social Work Abstracts. STUDY SELECTION: The key word-driven electronic search identified 42 articles on primary care and SCI. Inclusion criteria narrowed the set to 21 articles that were published in English, that had a sample size of greater than 3, and that offered empirical analysis. SYNTHESIS: Approximately 90% of people with SCI identify family physicians as their regular doctors; 63% have SCI specialists. People with long-term SCI develop complex rubrics for navigating their personal health care systems. There is conflicting evidence about the effectiveness of outreach programs for maintaining health and preventing complications following SCI. Regular follow-up by specialized teams and annual comprehensive health examination are supported by the evidence. The research shows a high level of consistency in identifying the most common issues raised by people with SCI in primary care, most of which are related to disability-specifically, secondary complications such as bowel or bladder dysfunction and pain. There is also good evidence that many general health issues require attention in this population, such as bone density problems, depression, and sexual and reproductive health issues. There is level 4 and 5 evidence for unmet health needs among individuals living with SCI in the community. Despite patients with SCI being high users of primary care and health services in general, the evidence suggests that the information needs of these patients in particular are poorly met. CONCLUSION: A robust system of primary care is the best assurance of good health outcomes and reasonable health service use for people with SCI, including annual comprehensive examination, appropriate specialist use, and attention to accessibility and unmet needs.
HubMed – depression

 

Altered canonical hedgehog-gli signalling axis in pesticide-induced bone marrow aplasia mouse model.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2012 Sep 25; 63(3): 271-282
Chaklader M, Das P, Pereira JA, Chaudhuri S, Law S

The mechanistic interplay between pesticide exposure and development of marrow aplasia is not yet well established but there are indices that chronic pesticide exposure in some instances causes marrow aplasia like haematopoietic degenerative condition in human beings. Canonical Hedgehog (Hh) signalling has multiple roles in a wide range of developmental processes, including haematopoiesis. The present study was designed to explore the status of four important components of the canonical Hedgehog signalling cascade, the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), Ptch1, Smo, and Gli1, in a mouse model of chronic pesticide-induced bone marrow aplasia. We used 5 % aqueous mixture of pesticides (chlorpyriphos, prophenophos, cypermethrin, alpha-methrin, and hexaconazole) for inhalation and dermal exposure of 6 hours per day and 5 days a week up to 90 days. Murine bone marrow aplasia related to chronic pesticide treatment was confi rmed primarily by haemogram, bone marrow cellularity, short term bone marrow explant culture for cellular kinetics, bone marrow smear, and fl ow cytometric Lin-Sca-1+C-kit+ extracellular receptor expression pattern. Later, components of hedgehog signalling were analysed in the bone marrow of both control and pesticide-treated aplastic groups of animals. The results depicted pancytopenic feature of peripheral blood, developmental anomaly of neutrophils, depression of primitive stem and progenitor population along with Shh, Ptch1, Smo and Gli1 expression in aplasia group. This investigation suggests that pesticide-induced downregulation of two critically important proteins – Ptch1 and Gli1 – inside the haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell population impairs haematopoietic homeostasis and regeneration mechanism in vivo concurrent with bone marrow aplasia.
HubMed – depression

 

Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for depression: A feasibility open trial for older adults.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2012 Nov 14;
Dear BF, Zou J, Titov N, Lorian C, Johnston L, Spence J, Anderson T, Sachdev P, Brodaty H, Knight RG

Background:Depression is an important health issue amongst older adults. Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (iCBT) may help to reduce barriers and improve access to treatment, but few studies have examined its use with older adults. The present study evaluated the efficacy, acceptability and feasibility of a brief iCBT program, the Managing Your Mood Program, to treat depression amongst adults aged 60 years and older.Method:Using an open trial design, 20 participants with elevated symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) total scores ? 10) received access to five educational lessons and homework summaries, additional resources, a moderated discussion forum and weekly telephone or email contact from a clinical psychologist. Eighty percent of the sample met diagnostic criteria for a major depressive episode at pre-treatment.Results:Completion rates and response rates were high, with 16/20 participants completing the five lessons within the 8 weeks, and post-treatment and 3-month follow-up data being collected from 17/20 participants. Participants improved significantly on the PHQ-9 and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), with large within-group effect sizes (Cohen’s d) at follow-up of 1.41 and 2.04, respectively. The clinician spent a mean time of 73.75 minutes (SD = 36.10 minutes) contacting participants within the trial and the program was rated as highly acceptable by participants.Conclusions:The results are encouraging and support the potential value of iCBT in the treatment of depressive symptoms amongst older adults.
HubMed – depression

 

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