Comparison Between the Radionuclide Salivagram and Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study Methods for Evaluating Patients With Aspiration Pneumonia.

Comparison between the radionuclide salivagram and videofluoroscopic swallowing study methods for evaluating patients with aspiration pneumonia.

Filed under: Rehab Centers

Ann Nucl Med. 2013 Jan 3;
Jang DH, Choi KH, Kim DH, Lim CM, Kim JS

OBJECTIVE: A videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) is generally used to assess dysphagia and aspiration, although false-negative results may be obtained. Saliva aspiration may cause false-negative VFSS findings in elderly people. A radionuclide salivagram can be useful in detecting saliva aspiration. We therefore compared these two methods for the evaluation of patients with aspiration pneumonia. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 50 patients with aspiration pneumonia into this study. All patients underwent VFSS, and were evaluated on the Penetration-Aspiration Scale. A salivagram was performed on the day after VFSS and each patient received 1 mL Tc-99 m DTPA sublingually. Both dynamic and delayed images were obtained. RESULTS: Aspiration was observed in 34 % of patients by salivagram and in 42 % by VFSS. The frequency of tests that were positive for aspiration pneumonia using a combination of the two methods was 52 %. Five patients with positive aspiration findings on salivagram were negative on VFSS. The association between VFSS and salivagram findings was significant but the total agreement was 72 %. The frequency of aspiration pneumonia was significantly associated with an abnormal salivagram finding. CONCLUSIONS: A salivagram may be a useful method for the evaluation of aspiration in elderly people, and a combination of the VFSS and salivagram methods could enable a more effective investigation of aspiration pneumonia.
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Quality in Orthopaedic Surgery-An International Perspective: AOA Critical Issues.

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J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013 Jan 2; 95(1): e31-9
Saleh KJ, Bozic KJ, Graham DB, Shaha SH, Swiontkowski MF, Wright JG, Robinson BS, Novicoff WM

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Preterm delivery and psycho-social determinants of health based on world health organization model in iran: a narrative review.

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Glob J Health Sci. 2013; 5(1): 52-64
Dolatian M, Mirabzadeh A, Forouzan AS, Sajjadi H, Alavi Majd H, Moafi F

Preterm delivery is still the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in infants, which shows a problematic condition in the care of pregnant women all over the world. This review study describes prevalence and psycho – socio-demographic as well as obstetrical risk factors related to live preterm delivery (PTD) in the recent decade in Iran.A narrative review was performed in Persian and international databases including PubMed, SID, Google Scholar, Iran Medex, Magiran and Irandoc from 2001 to 2010 with following keywords: preterm delivery and pregnancy outcomes with (prevalence, socioeconomic condition, structural determinant, Intermediary determinants, Psychosocial factor, Behavioral factor and Maternal circumstance, Health system). All of article was reviewed then categorized based on WHO model.Totally 52 article were reviewed and 35 articles were selected, of which 26 were cross-sectional or longitudinal, 9 were analytical (cohort or case-control). The prevalence rates of preterm delivery in different cities of Iran were reported between 5.6% in Quom to 39.4% in Kerman. The most common social factors in structural determinant were educational level of mother, and in intermediary determinants were Psychosocial factor (maternal anxiety and stress during pregnancy), Behavioral factor and Maternal circumstance (violation and trauma) and in Health system, lack of prenatal care.The prevalence rate of preterm delivery is a matter of concern. Since many psycho-social factors may affect on the condition and its high rate in poor communities might reveals a causal relationship among biological and psychosocial factors, performing etiological investigations is recommended.
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Physical activity experiences of individuals living with a traumatic brain injury: a qualitative research exploration.

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Adapt Phys Activ Q. 2013 Jan; 30(1): 20-39
Self M, Driver S, Stevens L, Warren AM

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health issue due to the incidence, complexity, and cost associated with treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine physical activity (PA) knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and barriers among individuals with a TBI undergoing outpatient rehabilitation. Seventeen participants completed a series of group interviews regarding their PA needs. A qualitative research design was adopted and trustworthiness was established through investigator triangulation of data. A cross-case analysis was completed to identify themes and conceptual patterns. The main themes identified were (a) an inability to differentiate between PA and physical therapy, (b) a limited knowledge of PA health benefits and the relationship to rehabilitation, and (c) an interest in participating in a PA based health promotion program. Future interventions should educate individuals about PA, the associated health benefits, and the role PA plays in the rehabilitation process.
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