Antinociceptive Drug Interaction Between Intrathecal Vitamin E and Gabapentin in the Rat Formalin Test.

Antinociceptive drug interaction between intrathecal vitamin E and gabapentin in the rat formalin test.

Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation

Korean J Anesthesiol. 2012 Nov; 63(5): 447-53
Kim MJ, Lee WH, Ko YK, Hong BH

Gabapentin is thought to exert an effect through the voltage-dependent calcium channel. Vitamin E is a widely known antioxidant which neutralizes the harmful effect of ROS which is considered to play a prominent role in various painful conditions. This study was therefore conducted to assess the antinociceptive effects of gabapentin and vitamin E and the interaction of these drugs in the modulation of pain in rats subjected to a formalin test.Sprague-Dawley rats with a lumbar intrathecal catheter were tested for their paw flinches by 5% formalin injection after intrathecal injection of gabapentin or vitamin E. After obtaining dose-response curves for each drug, the effect of the combination was tested by the total dose fraction value and isobolographic analysis.When a single drug was injected intrathecally, significant dose-dependent decreases in flinches were shown only in the late phase. ED(50) values of intrathecal gabapentin and vitamin E in the late phase were 75.3 ± 9.58 µg, and 17.56 ± 1.65 mg/kg respectively. The combination of gabapentin and vitamin E produced dose-dependent decreases in the number of flinches in both phases induced by the formalin test. The ED(50) value of the combination was lower than the theoretical additive values in the late phase, but did not show a significant difference with the theoretical additive value.Gabapentin and vitamin E (by itself) have no antinociceptive effect in the early phase; however their combination has shown an antinociceptive effect. In addition, they show additive effects in the late phase of the formalin test.
HubMed – drug

 

Dose fentanyl injection for blunting the hemodynamic response to intubation increase the risk of reflex bradycardia during major abdominal surgery?

Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation

Korean J Anesthesiol. 2012 Nov; 63(5): 402-8
Kim JK, Park JM, Lee CH, Kim DK

Although supplemental fentanyl has been widely used to blunt the hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopic intubation, its residual vagotonic effect may increase the risk of reflex bradycardia. We compared the incidence and severity of significant reflex bradycardia after a bolus injection of equivalent doses of fentanyl and remifentanil (control drug).In this prospective, randomized, double-blind study, 220 adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to receive fentanyl (1.5 µg/kg) or remifentanil (1.5 µg/kg). No anticholinergic prophylaxis was administered. Symptomatic reflex bradycardia was defined as a sudden decrease in heart rate to < 50 beats per minute (bpm) or to 50-59 bpm associated with a systolic arterial pressure < 70 mmHg in connection with surgical maneuvers. If bradycardia or hypotension developed, atropine or ephedrine was administered following a predefined treatment protocol.In total, 188 subjects (remifentanil, 95; fentanyl, 93) were included. The proportion of subjects with symptomatic reflex bradycardia in the fentanyl group was similar to that in the remifentanil group (30.1% vs. 28.4%, respectively). Atropine and/or ephedrine were needed similarly in both groups. The differences between the group of 55 patients who presented with symptomatic reflex bradycardia were not statistically significant with respect to the lowest heart rate, anesthetic depth-related data (bispectral index and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration), or the proportion of causative surgical maneuvers.Fentanyl (1.5 µg/kg) administered intravenously during anesthetic induction is unlikely to increase the incidence and severity of significant reflex bradycardia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. HubMed – drug

 

Face to Face with Oral Isotretinoin: A Closer Look at the Spectrum of Therapeutic Outcomes and Why Some Patients Need Repeated Courses.

Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2012 Nov; 5(11): 17-24
Del Rosso JQ

Oral isotretinoin, available in the United States for four decades, has been used for the treatment of recalcitrant nodular and deep inflammatory acne vulgaris. This drug revolutionized the management of patients affected by severe inflammatory disease due to its ability to markedly induce acne clearance coupled with prolonged durations of remission after completion of a course of therapy, usually over approximately five months. Over time, it has become recognized that prolonged remission correlates with achieving a threshold cumulative exposure range of approximately 120 to 150 mg/kg of oral isotretinoin. Lesser exposures have demonstrated a higher risk of earlier recurrence of acne vulgaris and a greater likelihood that the patient will require retreatment. As the oral bioavailability of oral isotretinoin is variable, and highly dependent on administration with food, it is very conceivable that earlier relapse may occur if patients have often ingested oral isotretinoin on an empty stomach, thus leading to lesser actual cumulative drug exposure despite the daily dose administered. This article provides an overview on the dosing of oral isotretinoin, reported data on factors that influence relapse after oral isotretinoin therapy, and the potential impact of coadministration with food.
HubMed – drug

 


 

PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE – Narconon of Georgia PSA on Prescription Drug Abuse. Narconon is a Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation and Education Facility. 1-877-413-3073 www.drugsno.com

 

Related Drug And Alcohol Rehabilitation Information…